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Bribery

Bribery is the crime of giving or receiving something of value to influence official action. Both the person giving and the person receiving the bribe are guilty of bribery. Bribery is illegal for two reasons. First, itusually involves a public official using his or her office for personal gain. Second,it can cause officials to make unfair decisions that affect citizens.
Usually, a person who bribes a public official is paying to get special treatment. This special treatment can come in many forms. For example, a company might bribe an official to win a government contract. Bribing a public official is the most common type of bribery. In the United States, officials convicted of bribery may be fired, removed from office, and sent to prison for up to 20 years. Commercial bribery, the bribery of owners or employees of private companies, is also illegal in many places, but it is less commonly punished.
No one knows how often people commit bribery, but many experts believe that most people who bribe officials are never caught. Bribery is more common in some countries or parts of countries than in others. Many countries have made it illegal to bribe officials from other countries. Bribery and similar illegal transactions in the political sphere alone cost the world an estimated one trillion dollars every year. Poor nations have been found to be particularly exposed to bribery and other corrupt activities, though even the wealthiest nations are not safe.

(Adapted from” NEW YORK TIMES”, Nov2007)

I- Comprehension / Interpretation( 07pts )
A/ Multiple Choice:Choose the answer that best completes each statement.( 01pt )

1) The type of the passage is: a) narrative b) expository c) descriptive
2) The text is: a) a letter b) a report c) a newspaper article

B/ True / False Statements:Are the following statements true or false?( 01.5pt )
1) Neither the person giving nor the person receiving the bribe is innocent of bribery.
2) In the United States, officials convicted of bribery are rewarded and given special favours.
3) We can catch people who bribe officials.
C/ Comprehension Questions:Answer the following questions according to the text: ( 03pts )
1) What is bribery?
2) Why is bribery illegal?
3) What are the nations that suffer most from bribery?
D/ Cohesive Markers:What / who do the underlined words refer to in the text?( 01.5pt )

1)second it can cause (§1) = … 2) but it is less(§2) = … 3) have made it illegal (§3) = …

II- Text Exploration ( 07pts )

E/ Synonyms:Find in the text words that are closest in meaning to the following. (0.5pt)
1) causes (§1) = … 2) a lot of (§2) = …

F/ Opposites: Find in the text words opposite in meaning to the following. (0.5pt)
1) innocent (§1) ≠ … 2) lose (§2) ≠ …

H/The Odd Word:Cross the odd one out. (01pt)

1

teacher
electrician
*****r
farmer

2

fake
property
counterfeit
copy

I/ Morphology: Which nouns can be derived from the following adjectives?( 01pt )

( possible - hospitable - honest - ethical )

J/ Syntax: Rewrite sentence (b) so that it means the same as sentence (a).( 02pts )
1/ (a) I am afraid our government can’t stop corruption.
(b) I wish our government …………………………..
2/ (a) “The banknote is counterfeited,” the cashier said.
(b) The cashier said that ............................................

K/ Discourse:Fill in the gaps with words from the list so that the text makes sense.( 01pt )

( dishonest - sit - internet - illegal )

Many people find it .....(1)...... to infringe some copyright through the..........(2)...... . They put the copyright theft in a pirate .........(3)....... in order to share them with other internet users. So, it is something ........(4)........ and unethical.

L/ Sound System:Classify the following words according to the pronunciation of their final “S”:
( 01pt )
a) chances
b) citizens
c) ethics
d) cases



PART TWO: Written Expression ( 06pts)

Choose one of the following topics.

Topic 1:
Our country is witnessing unethical behaviours in different fields. If you are elected head of the
nation, what measures will you take in order to eradicate this kind of behaviours?
The following ideas may help you:
- punish dishonest (corrupted) people …
- appoint honest civil servants …
- pass strict laws …
- fight tax evasion …
Topic 2:
Next December, there will be an anti-corruption summit in Strasbourg organized by a group of
states against corruption. What would you suggest if you had the opportunity to attend the
summit? Write a paragraph about your suggestions.

THIRD-TERM EXAMINATION

Third-Year Foreign Lang.

03 Hours

PART ONE: Reading
I- Comprehension / Interpretation
A/ Multiple Choice:

1

2

1

2

3

B/ True / False Statements:

C/ Comprehension Questions:
1) ……………………………………………………………………………….................... ......
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
2) …………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
3) …………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
D/ Cohesive Markers: 1)it(§1) = …………………………………………………
2)it(§2) = …………………………………………………
3)it(§3) = …………………………………………………

II- Text Exploration

E/ Synonyms: 1) causes = …………………………. 2) a lot of= …………………….

F/ Opposites: 1) innocent ≠ ……………………… 2) lose ≠ ………………………..

H/The Odd Word:1) ………………………………….. 2) ……………………………….

Adjective

Noun

possible

hospitable

honest

ethical


I/ Morphology:






J/ Syntax:
1/ (b) I wish our government ………………………………………………………………..

2/ (b) The cashier said that .................................................. .................................................. ..

K/ Discourse:

Gap

1

2

3

4

Word

L/ Sound System:

/ S /

/ Z /

/ IZ /

[missoum]

المشاركة الأصلية كتبت بواسطة bilel9044

Bribery

Bribery is the crime of giving or receiving something of value to influence official action. Both the person giving and the person receiving the bribe are guilty of bribery. Bribery is illegal for two reasons. First, itusually involves a public official using his or her office for personal gain. Second,it can cause officials to make unfair decisions that affect citizens.
Usually, a person who bribes a public official is paying to get special treatment. This special treatment can come in many forms. For example, a company might bribe an official to win a government contract. Bribing a public official is the most common type of bribery. In the United States, officials convicted of bribery may be fired, removed from office, and sent to prison for up to 20 years. Commercial bribery, the bribery of owners or employees of private companies, is also illegal in many places, but it is less commonly punished.
No one knows how often people commit bribery, but many experts believe that most people who bribe officials are never caught. Bribery is more common in some countries or parts of countries than in others. Many countries have made it illegal to bribe officials from other countries. Bribery and similar illegal transactions in the political sphere alone cost the world an estimated one trillion dollars every year. Poor nations have been found to be particularly exposed to bribery and other corrupt activities, though even the wealthiest nations are not safe.

(Adapted from” NEW YORK TIMES”, Nov2007)

I- Comprehension / Interpretation( 07pts )

A/Multiple Choice:Choose the answer that best completes each statement.( 01pt )
1) In this type of government people rule themselves instead of being ruled by a king:
a) monarchy b) democracy c) bureaucracy.
2) The geography of Greece can be described as:
a) rocky b) mountainous c) a peninsula.
3) The Greeks learned the alphabet from these sea-faring people:
a)the Persians b) the Phoenicians c) the Romans.
4) A polis is a Greek:
a) city-state b) river c) mountain.

B/True / False Statements:Are the following statements true or false?( 02pts )
1) Ancient Greece was a unified nation.
2) They developed the idea of democracy which allowed more people to be involved in
making decisions.
3) They were very bad sailors.
4) The Greek peninsula was less likely to be invaded than other places.

C/Comprehension Questions:Answer the following questions according to the text.( 03 pts )
1) From whom did the Greek learn the alphabet?
2) What was a Greek polis?
3) How did the ancient Greeks develop an advanced civilization?

D/Cohesive Markers:What / who do the underlined words refer to in the text?( 01pt )
1)in which people (§1) = … 2) because they were (§3) = …
II- Text Exploration( 07pts )

E/Synonyms:Find in the text words that are closest in meaning to the following.( 0.5pt )
a) rule (§1) = … b) acquired knowledge (§2) = …

F/Opposites:Find in the text words opposite in meaning to the following.( 0.5pt )
a) united (§3) ≠ … b) native (§4) ≠ …

G/Morphology:Divide the following words into roots and affixes.( 01pt )

( discover - imagination - independent )

Prefix
Root
Suffix

H/Syntax:Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first one given:(03pts)
1) The Greeks wrote many plays.
► Many plays……………………………………………….
2) ‘No other nation is as great as Ancient Greece’, he said.
►‘Greece is ……………………………………,’ he said
3) ‘What are the two most important poli in Greece?’ he asked.
► He asked what ………………………………………………

I/Sound System:Classify the following words according to the number of their syllables.( 01pt )

( democracy - Greece - ancient - civilization )

1 syllable
2 syllables
3 syllables or more

J/Discourse:Fill in the gaps with words from the list so that the text makes sense.( 01 pt )

(stories - understand - their - generation )

Myths are traditional stories. The Greeks used myths to explain things they did not …(1)… . At first, myths were passed down from generation to …(2)…by word of mouth. Later, Greek poets created epic …(3)...based on those legends. An epic is a long poem about great heroes and …(4)…deeds.

PART TWO: Written Expression(06pts)

Choose one of the following topics and write a composition of about 100 to 120 words

Topic one: Expand the following notes about the Phoenicians: into a coherent paragraph
· Skilful sailors and traders
· Brought the alphabet
· Led a nomadic life in the desert
· Sailed onto the Atlantic
· Founded trading posts and cities

Topic two: Among all the civilizations you read about and studied, which one are you most
fascinated by? Write an essay of about 10 lines.

THIRD-TERM EXAMINATION

Third-Year Foreign Lang.
03 Hours

PART ONE: Reading
I- Comprehension / Interpretation
A/ Multiple Choice:

Statement
1
2
3
4
Answer

B/ True / False Statements:

1
2
3
4

C/ Comprehension Questions:

1) ………………………………………………………………………………………………….

2) …………………………………………………………………………………………………

3) …………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………

D/ Cohesive Markers:
1) which = ………………………..
2) they = …………………………

II- Text Exploration
E/ Synonyms:
a) rule = ………………………………

b) acquired knowledge = …………………………….
F/ Opposites:
a) united ≠ ………………………………..

b) native ≠ ……………………………….
G/ Morphology:

( discover - imagination - independent )

Prefix
Root
Suffix

……….
……….
……….

…………………….
…………………….
…………………….
……….
……….
………

H/ Syntax:

1)► Many plays…………………………………………………………………………………..

2)►‘Greece is ………………………………………………………………………….,’ he said

3)► He asked what ……………………………………………………………………………….

I/ Sound System: ( democracy - Greece - ancient - civilization )

1 syllable
2 syllables
3 syllables or more

J/ Discourse:

1
2
3
4

PART TWO: Written ExpressionTopic : ( … )

the text is about bribery.......but the questions are about GREEK CIV.....!!!!!!!!!!:c onfused: