درس مهم ***Of english** the conditional

[مريم المتفائلة]

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سم الله الرحمان الرحيم

اقدم لكم هذا الدرس البسيط لتلاميذ سنة 2 ع ت لتسهيل مراجعة الفرض الفصل الثاني


اولا :
THE FIRST CONDITIONAL

In a Type 1 conditional sentence, the tense in the 'if clause is the simple present, and the tense in the main clause is the simple future

'IF' CLAUSE (CONDITION)
MAIN CLAUSE (RESULT)

If + simple present

If it rains

If you don't hurry

Simple future
you will get wet
we will miss the train.


In these sentences, the time is the present or future and the situation is real. They refer to a possible condition and its probable result. They are based on facts, and they are used to make statements about the real world, and about particular situations. We often use such sentences to give warnings:

If you don't leave, I'll call the police.
If you don't drop the gun, I'll shoot!

:Examples
If you drop that glass, it willbreak.
Nobody willnotice if you make a mistake.
If I have time, I'll finish that letter.
What willyou do if you miss the plane?


NOTE: We can use modals to express the degree of certainty of the result:
If you drop that glass, it might break.
I may finish that letter if I have time

ثانيا :

THE ZERO CONDITIONAL

In 'zero' conditional sentences, the tense in both parts of the sentence is the simple present:


'IF' CLAUSE (CONDITION)
MAIN CLAUSE (RESULT)
If + simple present
If you heat ice
If it rains
simple present
it melts.
you get wet



NOTE: The order of the clauses is not fixed - the 'if' clause can be first or second


Ice melts if you heat it.
You get wet if it rains.


In these sentences, the time is now or always and the situation is real and possible. They are used to make statements about the real world, and often refer to general truths, such as scientific facts.

Examples

a. If you freeze water, it becomes a solid.
b. Plants die if they don't get enough water.
c. If my husband has a cold, I usually catch it.
d. If public transport is efficient, people stop using their cars.
e. If you mix red and blue, you get purple.


The structure below is often used to give instructions, using the imperative in the main clause:


If Bill phones, tell him to meet me at the cinema.
Ask Pete if you're not sure what to do.