milouboudj
2011-12-03, 16:13
Henri Dunant, sometimes spelled Henry Dunant, born under the name of Jean-Henri Dunant2 May 8, 1828 in Geneva and died October 30, 1910, Heiden, is a humanist and a Swiss businessman. It is one of the founders of the Red Cross.
During a business trip in June 1859, it is near the Italian town of Solferino and discovers the human damage of the battle that took place there. From this experience, he wrote a book entitled A Memory of Solferino which he published in 1862.
A year later, he participated in Geneva at the foundation of the International Committee for Relief to the Wounded, designated in 1876 as the International Committee of the Red Cross. The first Geneva Convention was ratified in 1864 and refers largely to its proposals. He obtained with Frédéric Passy the first Nobel Prize for Peace in 1901 an According to Nobel's will, the Peace Prize shall be awarded to the person who d is thus considered the founder of the International Red Cross.
“
...shall have done the most or the best work for fraternity between nations, for the abolition or reduction of standing armies and for the holding and promotion of peace congresses.[1] (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize#cite_note-0#cite_note-0)
”
Alfred Nobel's will further specified that the prize be awarded by a committee of five people chosen by the Norwegian Parliament.
Nobel died in 1896 and he did not leave an explanation for choosing peace (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peace) as a prize category. As he was a trained chemical engineer, the categories for chemistry (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemistry) and physics (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physics) were obvious choices. The reasoning behind the peace prize is less clear. According to the Norwegian Nobel Committee, his friendship with Bertha von Suttner (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertha_von_Suttner), a peace activist and later winner of the prize, profoundly influenced his decision to include peace as a category.[2] (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize#cite_note-Why_Norway.3F-1#cite_note-Why_Norway.3F-1) Some Nobel scholars suggest it was Nobel's way to compensate for developing destructive forces. His inventions included dynamite (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamite) and ballistite (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballistite), both of which were used violently during his lifetime. Ballistite was used in war [3] (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize#cite_note-2#cite_note-2) and the Irish Republican Brotherhood (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_Republican_Brotherhood), an Irish nationalist organization, carried out dynamite attacks in the 1880s.[4] (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize#cite_note-3#cite_note-3) Nobel was also instrumental in turning Bofors (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bofors) from an iron and steel company to an armaments company.
It is unclear why Nobel wished the Peace Prize to be administered in Norway, which was ruled (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_union) in union with Sweden (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_between_Sweden_and_Norway) at the time of Nobel's death. The Norwegian Nobel Committee speculates that Nobel may have considered Norway better suited to awarding the prize, as it did not have the same militaristic traditions as Sweden. It also notes that at the end of the nineteenth century, the Norwegian parliament (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norwegian_parliament) had become closely involved in the Inter-Parliamentary Union (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inter-Parliamentary_Union)'s efforts to resolve conflicts through mediation and arbitration.[2] (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize#cite_note-Why_Norway.3F-1#cite_note-Why_Norway.3F-1)
During a business trip in June 1859, it is near the Italian town of Solferino and discovers the human damage of the battle that took place there. From this experience, he wrote a book entitled A Memory of Solferino which he published in 1862.
A year later, he participated in Geneva at the foundation of the International Committee for Relief to the Wounded, designated in 1876 as the International Committee of the Red Cross. The first Geneva Convention was ratified in 1864 and refers largely to its proposals. He obtained with Frédéric Passy the first Nobel Prize for Peace in 1901 an According to Nobel's will, the Peace Prize shall be awarded to the person who d is thus considered the founder of the International Red Cross.
“
...shall have done the most or the best work for fraternity between nations, for the abolition or reduction of standing armies and for the holding and promotion of peace congresses.[1] (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize#cite_note-0#cite_note-0)
”
Alfred Nobel's will further specified that the prize be awarded by a committee of five people chosen by the Norwegian Parliament.
Nobel died in 1896 and he did not leave an explanation for choosing peace (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peace) as a prize category. As he was a trained chemical engineer, the categories for chemistry (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemistry) and physics (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physics) were obvious choices. The reasoning behind the peace prize is less clear. According to the Norwegian Nobel Committee, his friendship with Bertha von Suttner (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertha_von_Suttner), a peace activist and later winner of the prize, profoundly influenced his decision to include peace as a category.[2] (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize#cite_note-Why_Norway.3F-1#cite_note-Why_Norway.3F-1) Some Nobel scholars suggest it was Nobel's way to compensate for developing destructive forces. His inventions included dynamite (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamite) and ballistite (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballistite), both of which were used violently during his lifetime. Ballistite was used in war [3] (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize#cite_note-2#cite_note-2) and the Irish Republican Brotherhood (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_Republican_Brotherhood), an Irish nationalist organization, carried out dynamite attacks in the 1880s.[4] (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize#cite_note-3#cite_note-3) Nobel was also instrumental in turning Bofors (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bofors) from an iron and steel company to an armaments company.
It is unclear why Nobel wished the Peace Prize to be administered in Norway, which was ruled (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_union) in union with Sweden (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_between_Sweden_and_Norway) at the time of Nobel's death. The Norwegian Nobel Committee speculates that Nobel may have considered Norway better suited to awarding the prize, as it did not have the same militaristic traditions as Sweden. It also notes that at the end of the nineteenth century, the Norwegian parliament (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norwegian_parliament) had become closely involved in the Inter-Parliamentary Union (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inter-Parliamentary_Union)'s efforts to resolve conflicts through mediation and arbitration.[2] (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize#cite_note-Why_Norway.3F-1#cite_note-Why_Norway.3F-1)