فيما يخص الفرنسية والانجليزية ...... أنا هنا لاي استفسار أو سؤال

[oussama77]

السلام عليكم
خاوتي باقي 20 يوم على الباك
وحبيت نعاون خاوتي في مجال اللغات الفرنسية والانجليزية بكل ما أستطيع
ماذابينا نطلعوا ونتهناو من هذا الهم
أي استفسار أو سؤال أو طلب أنا هنا

[زكريا عبد المجيب]

ارسلي على ال*****
leficom-zaki
راني محتاجك

[زكريا عبد المجيب]

ارسلي في الفايس بوك
اسمي defilia zakaria

[oussama77]

ياجماعة ماذابينا تستفادوا نتوما
ويستفادوا لخرين
نخدموا هنا
واذا حبيتو هادا هو اسمي على الفايس بوك oussama omeyer

[يارب رحمتك]

تحويل الفعل إلى الإسم ووووو في الإنجليزية هل عندكم مفردات معينة تراجعوها ام واش جاء يمدولكم في الباك ؟

وكذا المرادفات وضدّّها

اي معلومة عن برنامج او قواعد في شعبة آداب وفلسفة لا تبخل علي

[زكريا عبد المجيب]

راني بعثتلك خويا اسامة

[رشا الجزائرية]

سلام
اولا ربي يحفضك على هذي المبادرة
سؤالي هو عن ادخال ال concession time.opposition ..ex
مثل due to ,although, unless ....
and had better;,, wish
provided that

[رشا الجزائرية]

بلييييز اذا كان الجواب موجود لانو الوقت خلاص

[hana1992]

اهم قواعد المادتين بشكل مختصر و بسيط

[chinoui]

ya kho ida takdar t3awana be kech fa9rat pr l'anglais+francais

[oussama77]

صبرا يا جماعة سأضع كل جواب
فقط لا تكثروا علي هه
دعوني أجب على 3 أو 4 أسئلة ثم أعطوني أسئلة جديدة

[oussama77]

تحويل الفعل إلى الإسم ووووو في الإنجليزية هل عندكم مفردات معينة تراجعوها ام واش جاء يمدولكم في الباك ؟

وكذا المرادفات وضدّّها

اي معلومة عن برنامج او قواعد في شعبة آداب وفلسفة لا تبخل علي


على العموم هذه هي المفردات الشائعة و باقي الكلامت تشبهها

نقوم بإضافة er إلى الفعل مثال:


Write =Writer
Play = Player
Read = Reader
Learn= Learner
Blame = Blamer
Listen= Listener
Speak = Speaker
Authorize = Authorizer
Compromise = Compromiser


إضافة ال er ليست الطريقة الوحيدة لتحويل فعل ما إلى اسم … اضافة ال ing تحول الأفعال إلى اسماء أيضاً
اضافة ال er تعطينا اسم الفاعل للفعل ( مدرس , لاعب , كاتب , متعلم , مستمع …. الخ )
اما اضافة ال ing تعطينا المصدر من الفعل ( تدريس , لعب , كتابة , تعليم , استماع …. الخ )


Here are some of Helm’s Nouns I did not notice this post

State = Statement
Agree = Agreement
Advertise = Advertisement

Operate = Operations
Calculate = Calculation
Communicate = Communication

أما بخصوص القواعد والله ما نقدر نمدلك كلش أعطيلي الدرس المحدد ونفيدك انشاء الله

[la pitch]

من فضلك اخي هل تصتطيع وضع لي مواضيع مادة الفرنسية
وجزاك الله خيرا

[oussama77]

سلام
اولا ربي يحفضك على هذي المبادرة
سؤالي هو عن ادخال ال concession time.opposition ..ex
مثل due to ,although, unless ....
and had better;,, wish
provided that



222 - * كلمة except if = unless وتعني " ماعدا إذا " وكذلك = if …not

وتعني : " إذا لم " أو " إن لم يكن " .

* لاحظي ما يلي :

- We’ll be late unless we hurry

- We’ll be late except if we hurry

- We’ll be late if we don’t hurry

* لاحظي أيضا :

- Don’t tell Sue what I said unless she asks you

- Don’t tell Sue what I said except if she asks you

- Don’t tell Sue what I said if she doesn’t ask you


*** ونستخدم unless غالبا في التحذيرات انتبهوا جدا لهذا.

Unless you work much harder , You won’t pass the exam


-------
استعمال Due To
Due to means "caused by." It should be used only if it can be substituted with "caused by."
يعني عندها معنى ( كان بسبب ، سببه بشد الباء الاولى ، مقتضى واجب )

وليس لها نفس المعنى مع because of

Incorrect: The game was postponed due to rain.

Correct: The game was postponed because of rain.
------------------------------------------------------
فيما يخص although

After although we use subject +verb بعد although نستخدم فاعل + فعل ( ضروري ) ومعناها بالرغم أو مع أن

Although he is tired, we joined him at home
We went out although it was raining
We can use though instead although ممكن ان نستخدم though بدلا من although بدون تغيير المعنى
I did not go to the university though I had all documents in need

---------------------
had better

ياتى بعدها مصدر الفعل و تعنى من الافضل عمل شئ
I HAD BETTER CLEAN THE ROOM

وهي لا تملك معنى واحد واذا أردت الفهم أكثر تفضلي :





We use “had better” plus the infinitive without “to” to give advice. Although “had” is the past form of “have”, we use “had better” to give advice about the present or future.



You'd better tell her everything.
I'd better get back to work.
We'd better meet early.


The negative form is “had better not”.



You'd better not say anything.
I'd better not come.
We'd better not miss the start of his presentation.


We use “had better” to give advice about specific situations, not general ones. If you want to talk about general situations, you must use “should”.



You should brush your teeth before you go to bed.
I shouldn't listen to negative people.
He should dress more appropriately for the office.


When we give advice about specific situations, it is also possible to use “should”.



You shouldn't say anything.
I should get back to work.
We should meet early.


However, when we use “had better” there is a suggestion that if the advice is not followed, that something bad will happen.



You'd better do what I say or else you will get into trouble.
I'd better get back to work or my boss will be angry with me.
We'd better get to the airport by five or else we may miss the flight.




------------------------------------


- للحديث عن أمنية A wish أو حصرة regret في المضارع نستعمل i wish / if only على الشكل التالي:

أمنية → I wish + Subject + Simple past of the verb

حصرة → If only + Subject + Simple past of the verb


مثال: شخص يسكن منزلا صغيرا ويتمنى على نفسه ان يكون له منزل أكبر ممكن أن يقول:

أتمنى لو كنت أسكن منزلا اكبر الآن I wish i lived in a bigger house now


مثال: فتاة ليست بالجميلة تتحصر لكونها ليست كذلك ممكن أن تقول:

آه, لو كنت أكثر جمالا :1:
If only i were more beautiful

لاحظي شكل العبارتين:

I wish + i + lived

If only + i + were

[yara.bibi45]

merci 3alama besah ida takdar t3awna b les pharagraphe nta3 cho3bat science exprimental

[oussama77]

من فضلك اخي هل تصتطيع وضع لي مواضيع مادة الفرنسية
وجزاك الله خيرا


تفضلي |أختي
وكي تكملي قوليلي نعطيلك الحلول

Composition
3ième lettres

Le jeune Algérien des années 1940 n’avait ni passé ni avenir. Il survivait d’une façon misérable dans les campagnes dont les terres, les meilleures avaient été prises par la colonisation. Les jeunes de ma génération cherchaient avidement à comprendre la société et ses problèmes. Ils se posaient des questions : pourquoi la colonisation ? Pourquoi l’humiliation et la misère ? Pourquoi y a-t-il des riches et des pauvres ? Comment faire pour être libres et vivre mieux ?
Les pays arabes ne nous offraient aucun modèle positif. C’était partout des monarchies et des féodalités, le luxe insolent d’une minorité et l’arbitraire à l’égard des peuples. Ce n’était pas du tout ce dont nous rêvions dans le petit groupe de jeunes nationalistes dont je faisais partie. Personnellement, j’ai eu la chance au collège, vers l’âge de 15 ans, de trouver des livres qui parlaient de révolution et de socialisme. J’ai passé des nuits entières à les lire et à les relire. Brusquement, je comprenais que la colonisation n’était pas une fatalité, mais le résultat d’un système d’exploitation de l’homme par l’homme, qu’on pouvait donc combattre.
Le colonialisme, ce n’est pas une question de morale ou de région ni une histoire anecdotique de coup d’éventail, mais un instrument de pillage des ressources d’un pays par les sociétés capitalistes d’un autre pays. C’est un problème de conquête du marché national pour y vendre les produits industriels fabriqués à l’étranger, pour tirer le maximum de profits de la terre et des hommes.
L’indépendance politique, c’est-à-dire le remplacement des dirigeants français par des Algériens, ne pouvait avoir son véritable sens que par des transformations de la société et du système dirigeant lui-même. C’est pourquoi l’idéal proposé dans mes lectures, celui d’une société juste et solidaire, fondée sur la propriété collective des moyens de production, m’a séduit. J’en ai parlé à mes amis. Certains d’entre eux éprouvaient la même inquiétude à l’idée d’une indépendance qui aboutirait au pouvoir d’un monarque, d’une bourgeoisie ou d’une bureaucratie d’Etat. Nous rêvions d’une indépendance qui libérerait réellement la population, qui donnerait les terres aux paysans et une vie meilleure aux ouvriers. Nous rêvions confusément à un système social démocratique et juste, au service des plus démunis et des plus malheureux. C’est alors que nous avons décidé de créer la première cellule de jeunes de notre quartier. C’était en 1944. De nombreux jeunes Algériens y ont adhéré. Il y avait parmi eux deux jeunes Européens. L’un s’appelait Henri Maillot et l’autre Fernand Yveton.
Les deux rives de la Méditerranée dimanche 30 avril 2006

Questions

II- COMPREHENSION : ( 12pts)
1- Relevez du texte les indices de l’énonciation .
2-« L’indépendance politique, c’est-à-dire le remplacement des dirigeants français par des Algériens. »
Dans cette phrase , l’expression soulignée introduit :
a- une comparaison .
b- une illustration .
c- une explication.
Recopiez la bonne réponse.
3- Complétez ce tableau à l’aide des informations prises dans la liste suivante :
Colonialisme Indépendance
-
-
_ _
-
-
un instrument de pillage- système social démocratique et juste -un système d’exploitation - une société juste et solidaire- l’humiliation et la misère- une vie meilleure aux ouvriers
4/« Nous rêvions d’une indépendance. »
A qui renvoie le pronom souligné dans le texte ?
5/ Par quel moyen l’auteur a-t-il trouvé des réponses aux questions posées dans le premier paragraphe ? Répondez en relevant du texte les phrases qui le montrent.
6- Relevez du dernier paragraphe une phrase qui montre que l’auteur , bien que jeune, n’est pas resté inactif face aux agissements des forces coloniales.
7/ Relevez du texte une phrase qui montre que le désir d’indépendance et de justice n’était pas partagé uniquement par les jeunes algériens.
8/ Donnez un titre au texte

EXPRESSION ECRITE : (8 pts)

Vous traiterez au choix l’un des deux sujets :

1/ Faites le compte rendu objectif de ce texte.

2/ « Le jeune Algérien des années 1940 n’avait ni passé ni avenir. Il survivait d’une façon misérable dans les campagnes dont les terres, les meilleures avaient été prises par la colonisation »
Rédigez un texte d’une quinzaine de lignes dans lequel vous donnerez la parole à un ancien moudjahid afin qu’il décrive les conditions qui l’ont amené à prendre les armes contre le colonialisme français.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Texte :


"En octobre 1961, il y eut à Paris un massacre perpétré par des forces de l’ordre agissant sous les ordres de Maurice Papon."

Le 4 octobre 1961, Maurice Papon, préfet de police, met en place, avec l’accord du gouvernement de De Gaulle, un couvre-feu concernant les "FMA" (Français Musulmans d’Algérie) ; un véritable couvre-feu au faciès ! Contre cette mesure, le FLN organise une grande manifestation non violente pour le 17 octobre à 20h30.
La manifestation est interdite par le gouvernement ; 7 000 policiers prennent position. Les manifestants sont environ 30 000 ; il y aura 11 730 arrestations. Selon la version officielle, il y eut 2 morts ce jour-là ; mais les chercheurs parlent d’au moins plusieurs dizaines de tués par la police française, voire quelques centaines.
Le 30 octobre 1961, à l’Assemblée nationale, Eugène Claudius-Petit, député centriste, dénonça violemment les responsabilités de la Préfecture de police :
« Il faut appeler les choses par leur nom. Chaque gardien de la paix ne pouvait plus se déterminer, à cause de l’ordre reçu et de la décision prise, autrement qu’en tenant compte de la couleur de la peau, de la qualité des vêtements ou du quartier habité.! Faudra-t-il donc voir prochainement, car c’est la pente fatale, la honte du croissant jaune après avoir connu celle de l’étoile jaune ? »
Le 27 octobre 1961, Claude Bourdet avait interpellé Maurice Papon au conseil municipal de Paris sur l’exactitude des faits qui se lisaient dans la presse parisienne, à savoir le repêchage de 150 cadavres d’Algériens depuis le 17 octobre 1961 dans la Seine entre Paris et Rouen.
Maurice Papon devait déclarer : « La police a fait ce qu’elle devait faire » et « Nous avons gagné la bataille de Paris. »

Article de la rubrique les deux rives de la Méditerranée > la guerre d’Algérie
date de publication : août 2002


Questions

I- COMPREHENSION :14 pts

1)Quelles informations apporte le chapeau?

2)Quelle a été la réaction du FLN quant à la mise en place du couvre feu? Répondez en relevant une

une phrase du premier paragraphe.

3)Le nombre des victimes annoncé par les français est t-il exact? Répondez en relevant une expression du texte.

4)La manifestation du 17 octobre 1961 a été:

a- réprimée par la police.

b- opprimée par la police.

c- supprimée par la police.

-Recopiez la bonne réponse

5)Relevez quatre mots appartenant au champ lexical de la répression.

6)Une expression montre que le député est contre cette répression. Relevez-la.

7)Les propos de Papon représentent:

a- une dénonciation

b- une revendication

c- une déclaration

d- un hommage.

Recopiez deux bonnes réponses

8) Les gardiens de la pais de respecter des indications précises lors des arrestations. Relevez-les .

9) Proposez un titre au texte.



II- Production écrite : 6 pts

/ Faites le compte rendu objectif de ce texte
-----------------------------------------------------

Niveau: 3 LP

Composition



Journal d’une maquisarde

…Je me souviens que ce qui me frappa à mon arrivée au maquis, ce fut l’ordre et la discipline qui y régnaient, ce fut le moral extraordinaire de nos populations.

Les femmes en particulier étaient admirables.

C’étaient elles qui restaient dans les villages, seules avec les enfants et les vieillards, lorsque les hommes venaient servir parmi nos troupes lorsque nous étions à un endroit, où l’armée française était signalée. Puis, à la fin des combats, lorsque l’ennemi partait, ce sont elles qui nous accueillaient avec sourire, et pourtant nous savions que certaines venaient de subir les pires sévices : les tortures, les viols Jamais, je ne les ai entendues se plaindre. Au contraire, alors qu’elles ont eu à supporter plus que nous, c’était elles qui nous encourageaient et qui nous bénissaient. Je les ai très souvent vues enterrer les morts : Leurs époux, leurs fils, à chaque fois, elles répétaient ces paroles : « Nous ne porterons pas leur deuil. Pourquoi les pleurer puisqu’ils sont morts pour la patrie, ils sont morts de la belle et de la plus glorieuse des morts ». Personne ne pourra mesurer avec exactitude quel degré atteint leur dévouement. Mais tous nos combattants pourront l’attester. Elles n’ont jamais reculé devant un danger. Elles ont toujours répondu présentes à notre appel ; elles ont affronté la mort autant de fois que nous et même plus. Au cours des accrochages lorsque nous étions obligés de rester plusieurs heures, quelques fois toute la journée face à l’ennemi, c’étaient toujours elles qui risquaient leur vie pour venir nous apporter des renseignements utiles.

Beaucoup ont été tuées ainsi par les coups de mortier de l’armée française. C’était elles qui, quelles que soient les circonstances, nous apportaient à manger et à boire.

Certaines d’entre elles, souvent des jeunes filles, partageaient une partie de nos responsabilités. En effet, elles servaient de dépositaires pour les médicaments que nous ne pouvions pas transporter en très grande quantité. Elles étaient là à attendre le moindre appel de nous pour nous venir en aide.

Beaucoup enfin de ces femmes vaillantes et exceptionnelles sont mortes au combat. Comme des hommes...

El Moudjahid n°14 du 22/06/1963







QUESTIONS



COMPREHENSION : (13pts)

1-« Ce fut le moral extraordinaire de nos populations. »

Relevez du texte quatre mots qui désignent « nos populations ».



2- « Les femmes en particulier étaient admirables. »

En quoi les femmes étaient-elles admirables ? Répondez en relevant du texte quatre expressions ou phrases.



3 - « les hommes venant servir parmi nos troupes lorsque nous étions à un endroit, où l’armée française était signalée. »

- A qui renvoient dans le texte les mots soulignés.



4 - Relevez quatre mots appartenant au champ lexical de la guerre.



5- « Je les ai très souvent vues enterrer les morts ».

A qui renvoie le pronom souligné ?



6- Relevez du texte une phrase qui montre que , malgré la souffrance , les femmes n’ont cessé d’encourager les hommes.



7- Ce texte a été écrit pour :

a- dénoncer.

b- témoigner.

c -rendre hommage.

d- décrire.

Recopier les deux bonnes réponses qui conviennent le plus au texte.



8- Proposez un autre titre au texte.

EXPRESSION ECRITE : (7pts)

Vous traiterez au choix ,l’un des deux sujets.

1/ Faites le compte rendu objectif de ce texte.

2/ Beaucoup enfin de ces femmes vaillantes et exceptionnelles sont mortes au combat. Comme des hommes...

A l’occasion de la journée de la femme ( 08 mars) ,le journal de votre lycée décide de consacrer la rubrique « Histoire » au rôle des Algériennes pendant la lutte de libération nationale , vous rédigez un article dans lequel vous ferez témoignez une ancienne maquisarde.

..
.
.
.
.
.



نعرف بلي المواضيع صعيبة بزاف لكن صدقيني أختي بربي انشاء الله حلي المواضيع هادي وتجيبي موايان مليحة في الفرنسية

[oussama77]

ya kho ida takdar t3awana be kech fa9rat pr l'anglais+francais


تفضل هذا المشروع الرائع كله فقرات وهذا هو فهرس الفقرات

87 مقالة في الانجليزية ومستحيل تخرج مقالة الباكالوريا عن هذه النصوص :19:

http://www.filesin.com/34A834911/download.html (http://www.filesin.com/34A834911/download.html)ا

[oussama77]

وهذه بعض المحاولات لبعض الاشخاص


write an essay about the challenges faced by modern civilisation

There are three major threats to our civilisation, which can lead to the destruction of mankind. We have first nuclear energy, which has been a constant liability ever since the explosion of atomic bombs in 1945; there is also pollution, a major cause for concern with the massive and noxious increase in industrial activities and mechanisation; finally, climate change constitutes another threat, as an outcome of the first two mentioned problems.
The escalation of nuclear weaponry since World War Two has exposed humanity to a nuclear war that would not compare at all with Hiroshima and Nagasaki, since it could wipe out life on earth many times over. The Cold War was a period of tension between the two most heavily equipped nations in terms of nuclear warheads, the USA and the USSR. The Détente that came after did not suppress all worries, since other countries have the bomb, and could use it any time.
There are also indirect consequences to owning nuclear energy. Indeed, a lethal form of pollution can originate from it if accidents in nuclear power plants occur. But apparently less dangerous forms of pollution, generated by an ever- increasing industrialisation, can also cause severe illnesses and deaths. We can think of all the chemicals dumped by factories underground, or in rivers and seas, or of the enormous amounts of smoke emitted in the air by factories and vehicles. All of these are causing all sorts of illnesses in humans and threatening wildlife.
Apart from these direct consequences, the third threat to our civilisation, climate change, is directly related to the first two mentioned. Smoke has resulted in the greenhouse effect, responsible for the increase in mean temperature in the world. Consequently, the ice caps in the north and south poles are shrinking, the sea level is rising, rains have become irregular, hurricanes are more frequent, monsoons are more destructive, droughts have intensified, and have reached usually wet parts of the world. Therefore, the danger of famine is real , and can even lead to dramatic wars over the possession of the meagre resources remaining. Surely the impending threat of nuclear warfare, and the lethal chemicals spread in the environment make the world a dangerous place to live. The tons of smoke sent out in the atmosphere also constitute a health hazard, and are responsible for climate change. There are indeed urgent measures to be taken by governments to make human activities safer if our civilisation is to survive and thrive.


fighting fraud and corruption

Dear fellow citizens,
Corruption is an evil that must be fought now! In order to win this fight I urge all people of good will to unite around me.
If I were elected Head of State, I would implement the following anti-corruption programme. To begin with, I would appoint dedicated civil servants who would work honestly for the country: stealing money or accepting a bribe in exchange for a service is unethical

and illegal. Next, I would pass stringent laws to protect citizens and punish embezzling and bribe-taking. I cannot tolerate that honest citizens be the victims of corrupt civil servants.
I would also fight tax evasion and capital flight. Those who earn a lot of money must pay their taxes and contribute to the development of the country. Therefore any tax evader would be severely punished by specially appointed tribunals.
Finally, I would rehabilitate the value of work. Mutual trust is a moral value that we should teach our children from infancy. A little money earned honestly brings a lot of happiness and peace of mind.
To conclude, I could tell you, fellow countrymen that your
role as citizens is indispensable to fight corruption. No government can succeed without the help of civil society. Therefore, I urge you again to gather around me to win this decisive battle. Vote for honesty ! Vote for me!


write an opinion article about counterfeiting disadvantages

Some people argue that counterfeiting benefits consumers by giving them access to lower-price goods. This is a totally mistaken claim. First, imitated goods are poor quality and do not last long. There is then no guarantee of value for money and more importantly, that fake goods are safe. Imagine how much damage low quality parts fitted in a car can do to the driver and passengers when they fail!
Secondly, if we think of fake foods or medicines, and the criminal procedures used by the people who make them, we can only remain firm on buying genuine products. There are several cases of substitute edibles which have caused dangerous diseases to people and which have resulted in long-lasting law suits. The outcomes could only be compensations paid for irreparable damage but the moral damage caused to the victims can never be repaired! Recent figures released by the European Union show that the customs are confiscating 100 million fake items every year.
Thirdly, it is highly immoral to reap where other people have sown. Pirating products is indeed imitating other people’s property, and refusing to engage in a creative act. It is much more rewarding to turn one’s abilities to creating new objects of value that could serve the community, or improve the performance of existing ones.
Fourthly, pirating objects is by essence theft, especially when the producer of a fake item affixes the label of a well-known trade mark on it. Some countries are notorious for their practice of counterfeit objects. One wouldn’t like Algerians to be known for practising this dubious trade, as much as one wouldn’t like to see them buy cheap, fake products and head into unsuspected troubles.


write a letter to a friend describing your school

Dear Linda,
Today, I’ll write to you about my school. And the least I can say is that I feel quite happy and comfortable in it.
First, let me mention its old stone building, surrounded by a nice flower garden. The flowers are carefully arranged, and in spring, they give off a nice scent when we head for the classes through the garden. Further back, there are two large courtyards with enough space and benches to play or relax. There are also big, ancient olive trees near the walls, where birds perch and nest. We can hear them warble and chirp all year round.
Let me also describe my classroom. It is large and well decorated, with old-fashioned brown desks, and posters and pictures all over the walls. And then, there are those cabinets full of books which smell of old paper. Actually, I like borrowing a book from to time and dream of all the adventures and mysteries I read about.
I’ll finally say a few words about my teachers. I’m lucky to have such good and considerate people around me. They are so keen to see the students do well. They are always prepared to answer our questions, and they really want to make sure we understand the hard parts of the lessons and exercises. I like the way teachers get us involved. They surely have children of their own at school, which explains why they understand how we feel.
So if there is one good reason why I like my school, it surely is because the teaching staff are so caring, and so friendly. I can’t dream of a better school!


prepare a speech about the the possible changes that are likely to happen in our lifestyle

We may live a totally different life in the next few decades because modernity has brought with it a new life style. Nowadays people take less time to eat, go to fast food shops to gulp hamburgers, hot dogs and chips. In the future, we might have conventional food being replaced by food substitutes like pills, or we might get our nutrients out of crude oil; that would shorten meal times even further. Conversely, many people are prepared to spend more time shopping in supermarkets (and even on the Internet). A lot of them are now becoming shopaholics, buying products that they don’t really need. Their number will rise further in the near future.
This is partly because it is much easier to shop, especially as more and more supermarkets are equipped with fast serving cash desks which prevent long queues. In the future, shop assistants may be replaced by robots which could actually do the same job as them, with greater efficiency and in less time. That of course would probably have side effects like an increase in unemployment.
Leisure will also change, because of the development of all sorts of electronic devices, like the multimedia, cable television and other contrivances. People will be less tempted to go out for a film, a play or a concert. They’ll pay even less visits to each other because the cell phone is such a convenient way to keep in touch. And what to say about the Internet through which people can instantly chat with and watch each other via the web cam! Alternatively, we’ll have more free time to enjoy holidays at lower prices in distant places. But is this life of the future the kind of life people would like to have? Couldn’t modernity preserve social relations and be a means to an end rather than an end in itself?


food safety


Food safety has become one of the major worries for mankind. This worry has three major sources: the chemical contamination of agricultural products, the use of additives, preservatives and colourings in a large number of food products and the consumption of ready-made food.
Perhaps the first cause for worry about food safety is the highly intensive mode of farming and agribusiness now prevailing in industrialised countries. This has led big companies to use chemicals, fertilisers and pesticides to ensure maximum output. As a result, fruits and vegetables are contaminated by chemicals which may prove harmful to our health.
The second cause for concern is again related to mass production, and the need to keep products fresh and attractive. Consumer requirements have led manufacturers to introduce colourings, additives and preservatives. Some of them have been suspected of being dangerous while others have definitely been classified as harmful by independent research laboratories. Scientists maintain that some colourings and sugar substitutes can cause cancer, diabetes and other ****bolic disorders.
Finally, fast food and ready-made meals have led people to take undesirable eating habits, like nibbling at work or at home, or having frequent snacks in front of the computer or the TV set. More worrying is the fact that the younger generation are the most prone to consume fast food and soft drinks. These eating habits, as shown in “advanced” countries especially, have caused a large part of the population to become overweight or obese, and to develop diseases like diabetes or high blood pressure. These are due to an excess consumption of animal fat and fried food, as well as sugar and salt.
In conclusion, the conjunction of contaminated agricultural products, processed foods and poor eating habits is indeed a good reason to worry about food safety and to take corrective measures to change or improve our attitudes to eating.


imagine you are an agony aunt givin advice for teenagers about the panic that comes with the baccalaureate exam

Dear Miserable,
I’m very sorry to hear that you are having difficulty coping with stress and anxiety, due to the forthcoming final examination. I more than sympathise with your being depressed. Let me tell you however that taking a few commonsense steps would restore confidence and cheerfulness in you.
I think you are working too hard, and not taking enough time for breaks. Do you know that cramming and doing exercises endlessly produce more anxiety in you? That’s why you don’t feel you have time to spare for your friends, and to enjoy some of the pleasures of life you are entitled to.
So, as I said, you should relax and sleep regularly, meanwhile leaving your brain to process the hardest points of lessons and activities. You should go out for walks or practise some sport everyday to help you relax. You ought not to worry constantly about the time when your exam occurs, lest you would lose your concentration on the appointed day.
Think that after all, you have reached a good level of competence, and that you have enough strategies at this stage to decide how to organise your work. Let me tell you again that when the exam comes, always start with the things you can do easily and leave time for the most tricky parts.
I’m sure that when the time comes, you will be able to overcome your stress and perform quite successfully.
I wish you all the best.
Aunt Hillary


describe the feelings and emotions expected from algerian in various situations

The death of a close friend or a relative, the occurrence of a natural disaster or an accident, and other fatalities are likely to generate different feelings and emotions in people.
Actually the difference in reaction is more particularly a question of gender. Men will tend to hide their grief over the death of somebody they know, or their awe when they witness a tragedy; during a natural disaster, they will try not to panic and control their emotions; instead, they will react by taking steps to protect their families and neighbours. Women will show their emotions more openly. They will express their sadness and mourning, and cry profusely when they learn about a relative’s death. Likewise, they will be rather shocked and terrified when they see an accident in which there are casualties. Finally, they are likely lose their self- control, and fail to take the right decisions to protect themselves in an emergency.
The difference in response regarding the expression of love and affection will most likely follow the same pattern. Men always try to avoid excessive sentimentality. They generally avoid showing in verbal manner too much emotion and feelings to their families and friends; they will express their care in a different way; for instance by showing concern, offering help or giving presents. Women are again prone to showing their feelings more openly. They would more often than not use terms of endearment, and they often hug and kiss family members, especially children.
The differing levels of sensitivity between men and women concerning the facts of life is probably the reason why their marks of sympathy and affection are dissimilar. But the male and female attitudes are complementary, and both necessary for good human interaction.

[oussama77]

اهم قواعد المادتين بشكل مختصر و بسيط


يا جماعة أعطيكم هذا الملف ولن تضلوا بعده في الانكليزية انشاء الله
أفضل ملف لقواعد الانكليزية
لكن أظن أن الوقت قصير جدا لمراجعته
على العموم تفضلوا ( ملف powerpoint

the best of the best in english (http://www.up-00.com/dld4S035504.pps.html)

[kayou2010]

common rédiger un appelle en français??

[meryouma91]

السلام عليكم و رحمة الله
بارك الله فيكم
ممكن لو تزودنا بنماذج للفقرات في اللغة الانجليزية
و ماهي المواضيع المتوقعة
من فضلكم
ربي يسهل علينا جميعا و ننجحو يا رب
أمين

[oussama77]

السلام عليكم و رحمة الله
بارك الله فيكم
ممكن لو تزودنا بنماذج للفقرات في اللغة الانجليزية
و ماهي المواضيع المتوقعة
من فضلكم
ربي يسهل علينا جميعا و ننجحو يا رب
أمين

أختي الفقرات راهي الفوق
وشخصيا أنا راح نريفيزي منهم
ونركز على education , ancient and modern civilisation


common rédiger un appelle en français??

سامحيني أختي
ما فهمتوش ، على خاطر ماقريتش الوحدة تاعو خلاص
أكرر اعتذاري

[رشا الجزائرية]

thannnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnks really i cann't say any think.......
so i hope to u evry well thinks to be done in uour life.