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[omar hariri]

The definition of computer:



The computer is an electronic machine used to process the data entered for the device, by the CPU to get useful information, and is done by programs that are known to the computer.




Computer Science


Computer science is divided into two main pillars:

Hardware Equipment Division

Department of Software Programs








First: Equipment Division (Hardware):



Equipment is tangible components of the computer, which can be touched by hand which are components of electronic or electrical or mechanical. Such as mouse, keyboard screen, microphone headsets, etc ... (God willing we will address it in the next lessons in detail).



Will divide into four sections




Input Devices (Input):





Used in data entry and information in various forms to the computer, and the input device the primary (Standard Input) is the keyboard (Keyboard) and is used to enter commands, scripts, and there are input devices other is used to introduce other forms of data such as scanner Scanner to enter the image, the loudspeaker to introduce sounds and music , Mouse mouse to enter commands by clicking or dragging and dropping (Drag & Drop),









Processing devices (Processing):




Treatment device is the main central processing unit (CPU) which is a shortcut for the gateway (Central Processing Unit) The CPU as a reason for a human being where the bulk of basic computer such as controlling traffic and determine the memory addresses that must be read from or write to them and determine which units or data has precedence in the implementation and other operations.
And divided the CPU into two main sections, namely:


Control unit (CU) ControlUnit: It is responsible for controlling all computer hardware and computer data.

The unit of account and logic (ALU) Arithmetic & Logic Unit: It is responsible for the performance and implementation of all calculations and logical within the computer.

* Note:

(Calculations are the plus sign () and minus (-) and division (/) and multiplication (*)).

(Logical operations are} <,>, = <, =>, =, NOT, OR, AND, XOR {








Storage devices (Storage Device):


And are stored data and information in a permanent or temporary, and is divided into two parts:

A. Internal storage: data is stored inside the computer itself is divided into two parts:

1. Permanent internal storage: it is either stored in the hard disk HardDisk on the image of electromagnetic or permanent memory ROM image on the electrical pulses.

2. Storage provisional rules of procedure: This is in the cache memory of RAM where the computer scans all the *******s of the RAM as soon as electricity was cut off from the device, where it should be the RAM is completely empty when you start your computer.

B. External storage: This is to save the data on floppy disks or CDs Floppy CDROM or tape Tape or hard disk, Zip Drive or hard disk to save outside of your computer Hard Disk.






Organs output (Output Device):





Used to output data from the computer to the user in various forms of data.

Output devices are: the screen is called the output device the primary StandardOutput used to output data to a visual image, the speakers and used to output audio data in the form of audio, the printer used to output data on paper and could be on its way to print papers and books, envelopes, envelopes, cards, and many types of securities in different forms.
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